Prevention of Cervical Cancer
The phrase “prevention is better than cure” may not hold true for most cancers, which are often detected too late. However, cervical cancer is a powerful exception — it can be effectively prevented if identified early at its pre-cancerous stages.
Two Key Ways to Reduce Cervical Cancer Risk
- HPV Vaccines
- Regular screening through Pap Smear tests
HPV Vaccines
Gardasil 9 is an FDA-approved vaccine that offers protection against HPV and is ideally administered between the ages of 11 and 26. While the vaccine targets specific strains, it is highly effective in preventing cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers, along with genital warts, anal, mouth, throat, head, and neck cancers. HPV affects all genders, and theoretically, boys/men can also benefit from the vaccine—consultation with a healthcare provider is advised.
India, home to nearly 20% of the world’s population—predominantly youth—has shown growing interest in HPV vaccination. In September 2021, MSD Pharmaceuticals launched a gender-neutral HPV vaccine in India priced around ₹2500.
Pap Smear Tests
Another critical preventive measure is the Pap smear test, where a healthcare provider collects cells from the cervix using a speculum to screen for abnormalities. Early detection of abnormal cells allows for timely treatment, significantly improving outcomes. Women over 21 years are eligible, and in India, it’s recommended for women above 30 every 3 years.
Additional Risk Reduction Tips
- Delay sexual activity until late teens or older
- Limit the number of sexual partners
- Practice safe sex using condoms
- Avoid partners with multiple sexual partners or signs of genital infection
- Quit smoking
“Cervical cancer gives us the chance to detect it early on and eradicate it from the root, thereby improving health outcomes.”
References
- Cervical Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – Patient Version
- Can Cervical Cancer Be Prevented
- What Can I Do to Reduce My Risk of Cervical Cancer? | CDC
- Cervical Cancer: Screening and Prevention
- Cervical Cancer: Can It Be Prevented?
- WHO – Cervical Cancer
- HPV Vaccine: Who Needs It, How It Works – Mayo Clinic
- MSD India Launches 9-valent HPV Vaccine, Gardasil-9
- Pap Smear Test – India Against Cancer
- India Launches 9-Valent HPV Vaccine
